Urea is a stable highly water-soluble compoundof high nitrogen content (47%), with good storageproperties that make it the most commonly used nitrogenfertilizer.Used in fertilizers and animal feeds, as a fungicide, in the manufacture of resins and plastics, as a stabilizer in explosives and in medicines, and others. Urea is used to protect against frost and is used in some pesticides as an inert ingredient as a stabilizer, as an inhibitor and as an intensifier for herbicides.

Calcium chloride is a white crystalline solid that appears as a colorless to white powder. It has a strong, salty taste and is odorless. The basic structure of calcium chloride consists of one calcium atom bonded to two chlorine atoms. Calcium chloride is commonly used as a de-icing agent to melt ice and snow on roads, sidewalks, and other surfaces. Its mechanism of action involves lowering the freezing point of water, which helps prevent the formation of ice. Calcium chloride also provides traction on slippery surfaces.

White Solid Melamine is a white crystalline solidChEBI: A trimer of cyanamide, with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton. A white solid organic compound whose molecules consist of a sixmembered heterocyclic ring of alternate carbon and nitrogen atoms with three amino groups attached to the carbons. Condensation polymerization with methanal or other aldehydes produces melamine resins, which are important thermosetting plastics. melamine: A white crystalline compound.

Sodium hydroxide, with the chemical formula NaOH, has the CAS number 8012-01-9. It is a white solid with no distinct odor. Sodium hydroxide is an inorganic compound that consists of a sodium cation (Na+) and a hydroxide anion (OH-). It is highly soluble in water, with the ability to dissolve in large amounts.Sodium hydroxide is widely used in the chemical industry for various purposes. It is commonly used as a strong base in the production of chemicals such as detergents, soaps, and paper. The mechanism of action in chemical manufacturing involves its ability to react with acidic compounds, neutralizing them and forming salts.

Citric acid (CAS 77-92-9) is a white crystalline powder that is commonly used in various industries. Its basic structure consists of a tricarboxylic acid with the chemical formula C6H8O7. It is highly soluble in water, resulting in a clear solution. The physical appearance of citric acid is that of a fine white powder with a crystalline texture.Citric acid is widely used in the food and beverage industry as a flavor enhancer, preservative, and acidulant. Its mechanism of action involves enhancing the tartness and acidity of food products, as well as inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi.